Talk to the hand, by Swamibu, http://www.flickr.com/photos/swamibu/3052879559/
As an African American reader in the San Francisco Bay Area, the
mainstream media often reminds me of a statement W. E. B. DuBois wrote
in 1879:
"It is a peculiar sensation, this
double-consciousness, this sense of always looking at one's self through
the eyes of others, of measuring one's soul by the tape of a world that
looks on in amused contempt and pity. One feels his two-ness, - an
American, a Negro; two souls, two thoughts, two unreconciled strivings;
two warring ideals in one dark body, whose dogged strength alone keeps
it from being torn asunder."
For example, many
African-American youth may feel powerless and angry as they watch
mainstream media stereotype them as pathologically violent. Youth from
societies throughout the world feel misunderstood, however, this
stereotype further burdens African American youth. A retired law
enforcement officer (an African-American man) recently told me, that
through his career, he had seen a different system of justice for
African Americans and white Americans.
According to the retired officer, when an African American was killed,
officers didn’t really expect to solve the murder. The murder was not
taken seriously. This angered many young African Americans because they
saw nothing done when their family and friends were killed. They saw no
reason to cooperate with police in solving the murder. Since they
believed nothing would happen to the murderer, they believed that if
they cooperated with the police, the murderer would just come back and
kill them or a member of their family.
Such silence often
emboldened the neighborhood criminals and gangs. Law-abiding citizens
learned to fear these youth and avoid any confrontation with them. This
group makes up a very small minority of African-American youth, but they
receive disproportionate amount of power and media attention.
“Well-meaning”
media interference from outsiders may help empower the criminal element
in the black communities in the Bay Area. Well-meaning activists have
fought for “compassion” for criminals (i.e., “prisoners’ rights”) -
further marginalizing the victims of black-on-black crime.
For example, truants caused a lot of the crime in the city of Richmond,
so the city passed an ordinance to keep students off the streets during
school hours. Yet the ACLU had a white spokesman attack the ordinance on
television. In order to stem homicides in North Oakland, a community
group requested Oakland propose an injunction against gangs in that
area. The ACLU attacked the injunction in the media. In both cases,
critics in mainstream media talked about “racial profiling” of African
Americans.
Should these outsiders determine whether or not
“racial profiling” is worse than being killed or intimidated by
gangbangers? One afternoon, an innocent woman in San Francisco suddenly
lost two sons and her husband because a gang member mistook them for
rival gang members. Her husband and sons were not gang members; they
were coming home from a family gathering. Would most of the law-abiding
African Americans living in Richmond and North Oakland chose racial
profiling over such a fate?
Recently, there has been a lot of
media coverage of Bay Area African-American youth’s attacking Chinese
senior citizens. I don’t believe that Asians are being targeted. I
believe they reflect difference experiences. African-American seniors
have heard stories through word-of-mouth about the few unruly gangs
and/or individual terrorizing their neighborhoods - but the mainstream
media vilifies and demoralizes the whole black community.
African-American seniors have learned not to rely on law enforcement.
They have learned through years of experience not to be out alone at
night. They learned to be wary of volatile, unknown youth. They would
not confront them. They do not expect the police to protect them.
Many
of the Chinese seniors coming to African-American communities seem not
to share that experience. In San Francisco’s Bayview, an elderly Chinese
woman was attacked as stood at the bus stop alone in the evening. In
Oakland, a Chinese man was attacked after he confronted two volatile
young men.
In contrast to public responses to black-on-black
crime, the attacks on the Chinese seniors led to political and media
outrage. Many labeled the attacks “hate crimes” - thus racializing, not
individualizing, the attackers. This outrage confirmed the belief in
black communities that black lives aren’t valued - angering many of the
African Americans that I have spoken to about this issue.
But
those attacks highlight the reality that many African-American youth
have not learned to respect their elders; those youth likely will not
benefit from the wisdom of their elders. This could become more
devastating than the AIDS/HIV crisis in Black America since those youth
will become seniors if they live long enough.
The controversy
also highlights stereotyping by the mainstream media: When a young black
man commits a crime, the mainstream media often treats it as a racial
matter. When a white man commits a crime, the media treat it as an
individual act.
It’s unfortunate that it takes the killing of
another group to humanize the killing of African Americans. African
American communities are entitled to full protections as Americans.
From its beginning, “Negroes” helped create America. Crispus Attucks, an
African American, was the first casualty of the Revolutionary War.
African Americans provided vital labor through slavery. The Civil Rights
Movement removed barriers for immigrants of color; it is a model many
political groups (mis)use today.
“Negroes” are all-Americans.
There's a real tension in your essay. You point out that "justice" for both African Americans arrested, and for African Americans who are victims of crimes, doesn't meet the same standards set for white Americans in the same situations. But efforts to cut crime by and against African Americans doesn't work, or are fought by legal rights advocates.
Is this because law enforcement, the courts, and most legal rights advocacy are white activities? Examples of racism in deciding what the African American community and individuals need but leaving them out of the loop?
Definitely the media has a hand in this problem. I've noticed that almost always, when the description of a perpetrator is reported you can assume he or she is white if there's no race mentioned. Hispanic, black--that's mentioned. The effect is as you say, an emphasis on crime committed by people with brown skin as if that had something to do with it.
It's also another reminder of who runs things. White is the default race and culture. Brown people are the exeptions, the "different" ones. Even though you guys built this country and have contributed over and above to what we all are today.
Your essay and the comment by "boadicaea" reflect media bias and people's inability to think for themselves.
"American" media report as if "white" is the NORM and everything else is an "other": this goes back to the historic roots of press in the USA - it never reported on blacks, asians, native americans, etc. When it began reporting on these populations it went to the "elders". So, today, despite the fact that blacks, asians, etc., are individuals who vote, etc., the media report on "black community" or "asian community" or "hispanic community" leaders. As if these groups are one block.
Making matters worse: blacks who similarly think of themselves as a "collective" block rather than individuals capable of independent thought. The claims that our current president is not "really" black is just one example.
KL, sounds pretty accurate to me. Never fails in this town that upper and middle class whites are first to oppose measures such as school uniforms, gang injunctions, and curfews to protect the civil rights of people of color in the flats.
the calculous of costs and benefits of those measures is not the same for people who are the likely victims of the failing schools and badly managed inadequate policiing, and those who so gallantly want to protect their rights.
-len raphael
temescal
Thank you for this thoughtful essay, and for creating the opportunity for conversation.
The ACLU is a well-meaning organization that does a lot to defend actual civil rights. It, like all other organizations and groups, is made up of individuals, some of whom have different ideas and priorities.
It would help for more people of color (and especially those who are negatively affected by these ACLU lawsuits) to join and contribute their voices to the notion that civil rights and liberties ALSO include equal protection from criminals of all genders, races, creeds, sexual orientations and socio-economic status.